Interfacing Optical Fingerprint Sensor with Arduino - Step by step guide. - Robu.in | Indian Online Store | RC Hobby

Make biometric access control system by Interfacing the optical fingerprint sensor with Arduino and improve security.

Make biometric access control system by Interfacing the optical fingerprint sensor with Arduino and improve security.

What is a fingerprint sensor?

Why use a fingerprint sensor?

What is an optical fingerprint sensor?

Advantages

Where are optical fingerprint sensors used?

How to interface

Hardware requirement

Software requirement

Circuit diagram

Assembly

Working

Code

Conclusion

What is a fingerprint sensor?

A fingerprint sensor captures an image of a person's fingerprint and compares it to a database of known fingerprints. If the fingerprint matches one in the database, the individual's identity is verified. Fingerprint sensors are used in many devices, such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones.

Why use a fingerprint sensor?

The primary reason to use a fingerprint sensor is biometric authentication, which provides increased protection. Fingerprints are nearly impossible to replicate, making them a highly secure form of identification, ideal for keeping sensitive data protected.

What is an optical fingerprint sensor?

An optical fingerprint sensor uses optical imaging technology to digitize and capture a person's fingerprint image.

Advantages

The primary benefits of optical fingerprint sensors are their affordability compared to other biometric authentication methods, ease of integration into devices, and compatibility with cases and screen protectors.

Where are optical fingerprint sensors used?

Optical fingerprint sensors have a wide range of applications, including attendance tracking, access control, biometric security, and more.

How to interface

We will build a simple access control system by interfacing an optical fingerprint sensor and a servo motor with an Arduino Nano.

Hardware requirement

Software requirement

Arduino IDE

Circuit diagram

Assembly

Optical fingerprint sensor with Arduino Nano

Optical Sensor Wire	Arduino Nano Pin
Black wire	GND
Red wire	5V
Yellow wire	Pin D3
Green wire	Pin D2

Interface OLED display with Arduino using I2C Pins

OLED Pin	Arduino Nano Pin
SDA	A4/SDA
SCL	A5/SCL
VCC	5V
GND	GND

Servo with Arduino Nano

Servo Wire	Arduino Nano Pin
Red wire	5V
Brown wire	GND
Orange wire	Pin D9

Working

After assembling the components, open the Arduino IDE.

Upload the enroll example code from the Adafruit fingerprint sensor library.

Place your finger on the sensor to register the fingerprint and assign an ID to it.

Upload the main access control code.

When a registered finger is placed on the sensor, the green LED turns on, the servo motor activates, and access is granted.

If an unregistered finger is placed on the sensor, the red LED turns on, the buzzer sounds, and access is denied.

Code

Enroll code

Access control code

#include <Adafruit_Fingerprint.h>

#include <Wire.h>

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>

#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

#include <Servo.h> // Include the Servo library

#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128 // OLED display width, in pixels

#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64 // OLED display height, in pixels

#define OLED_RESET -1 // Reset pin # (or -1 if sharing Arduino reset pin)

Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET); // Use hardware I2C for OLED

SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3);

Adafruit_Fingerprint finger = Adafruit_Fingerprint(&mySerial);

Servo servo; // Define servo object

const char accessGranted[] PROGMEM = "Access Granted";

const char accessDenied[] PROGMEM = "Access Denied";

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

while (!Serial); // Wait for serial port to connect

servo.attach(9); // Attach servo to pin 9

if (!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C)) { // Address 0x3C for 128x64

Serial.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed"));

while (true);

}

display.clearDisplay(); // Clear the buffer

display.setTextSize(1); // Set text size

display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE); // Set text color

display.setCursor(0,0); // Set cursor position

display.println(F("fingertest")); // Print title

display.display(); // Show initial title

pinMode(4, OUTPUT); // LED pin for found fingerprint

pinMode(5, OUTPUT); // LED pin for fingerprint mismatch

finger.begin(57600);

if (!finger.verifyPassword()) {

display.clearDisplay(); // Clear the buffer

display.setCursor(0,0); // Set cursor position

display.println(F("Did not find fingerprint sensor :(")); // Print message

display.display(); // Show message

while (true);

}

display.clearDisplay(); // Clear the buffer

display.setCursor(0,0); // Set cursor position

display.println(F("Found fingerprint sensor!")); // Print message

display.display(); // Show message

finger.getTemplateCount();

Serial.print(F("Sensor contains ")); Serial.print(finger.templateCount); Serial.println(F(" templates"));

Serial.println(F("Waiting for valid finger..."));

}

void loop() {

int result = getFingerprintIDez();

digitalWrite(4, LOW);

display.clearDisplay(); // Clear the buffer

display.setCursor(0,0); // Set cursor position

if (result != -1) {

if (result == 1) {

display.println(F("Access Granted")); // Print message

servo.write(90); // Rotate servo to 90 degrees

delay(3000); // Keep servo at 90 degrees for 3 seconds

servo.write(0); // Return servo to 0 degrees

} else {

display.println(F("Access Denied")); // Print message

}

display.display(); // Show message

delay(3000); // Display message for 3 seconds

}

int getFingerprintIDez() {

uint8_t p = finger.getImage();

if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) {

return -1;

}

p = finger.image2Tz();

if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) {

return -1;

}

p = finger.fingerFastSearch();

if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) {

digitalWrite(5, HIGH); // Turn on LED for fingerprint mismatch

delay(3000); // Wait for 3 seconds

digitalWrite(5, LOW); // Turn off LED for fingerprint mismatch

return 0;

}

digitalWrite(4, HIGH); // Turn on LED for found fingerprint

delay(3000); // Wait for 3 seconds

digitalWrite(4, LOW); // Turn off LED for found fingerprint

Serial.print(F("Found ID #")); Serial.print(finger.fingerID);

Serial.print(F(" with confidence of ")); Serial.println(finger.confidence);

return 1;

}

code link -https://github.com/Robu-In/Optical-fingerprint-sensor

Conclusion.

In this project, we successfully interfaced an optical fingerprint sensor with an Arduino Nano to create a simple yet effective access control system. This system demonstrates the practicality and security of using biometric authentication for access control. By following the detailed steps provided, including the hardware assembly, software setup, and coding, we achieved a working model that grants access to registered users while denying entry to unregistered individuals. The project highlights the advantages of optical fingerprint sensors, such as affordability, ease of integration, and reliability. Additionally, it showcases the versatility of Arduino for implementing biometric security solutions. This access control system can be further enhanced and customized for various applications, such as securing doors, safes, or any restricted area, proving the value of integrating biometric technology into everyday security systems.

Watch video on You tube - https://youtu.be/fXG4rLMNsyw

Related blog - https://robu.in/interfacing-fingerprint-sensor-with-arduino-complete-guide/

Tags : arduino , arduino nano , Arduino Projects , Finger print sensor , interfacing , oled , optical sensor , servo , servo motor

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Interfacing Optical Fingerprint Sensor with Arduino – Step by step guide.

Table of Contents

What is a fingerprint sensor?

Why use a fingerprint sensor?

What is an optical fingerprint sensor?

Advantages

Where are optical fingerprint sensors used?

Hardware requirement

Software requirement

Circuit diagram

Assembly

Working